During the Prehistory man measured time. Our ancestors built stone colums so that when a start concurred the alignment of these columns, it indicated an important moment or date. Ancient egipcian pillars were elements whose shadow moved with the passing of the day and indicated the hours between dawn and sunset. The next step in the measuring of time was the creation of background timepieces which did not depend on stars to operate by themselves. Babylonian, egipcian, chinese and indian used a vessel 
of water, having a small hole in the bottom, so that the liquid dripped out drop by drop. As the level within the jar was lowered, it showed the time upon a scale and indicated the hours. Another kind of timepiece was the the sand-glass or hourglass which appeared approximately 500 years ago. Fine sand poured through a tiny hole from an upper into a lower compartment. When one of the funnel-shaped bowls had e
mptied itself--then waited with entire unconcern until some one stood it upon its head and caused the sand to run backagain. Another method used to measure time consisted on measuring time while a substance was consumed or burnt. The most famous of these timepieces type was the one formed by a graduated candle, however rope with knots and oil lamps with graduated depot were also commonly used. Mechanical timepieces with clock hands which slowly were moved by the action of gears firstly appeared s
ome centurias ago. There is still available in Paris a clock created in 1364 to Charles V. In these primitive timepieces the movement was originated by means of a hanging weight which boosted a gear wheel whose teeth were placed perpendicular to its diameter. Two laminations called “pumps”, placed on a horizontal axis which oscillated, engaged the previously mentioned gear wheel teeth and regulated its movement. This was the first system used for timepieces as well as the weight was the first driving system. We also need to talk about the third essential system of a timepiece which is the oscillator in charge of the escape movements. In the primitive timepiece we are dealing with, this funtion was carried out by a jemmy fixed to the end of the escape axis (the one with the two laminations) which oscillated by the impulse produced by the teeth of the gear wheel. The oscillation duration was regulated by means of a slide weight fixed to the jemmy. These timepieces were sometimes innacurate due to their original mechanisms: escape and oscillation.
of water, having a small hole in the bottom, so that the liquid dripped out drop by drop. As the level within the jar was lowered, it showed the time upon a scale and indicated the hours. Another kind of timepiece was the the sand-glass or hourglass which appeared approximately 500 years ago. Fine sand poured through a tiny hole from an upper into a lower compartment. When one of the funnel-shaped bowls had e
mptied itself--then waited with entire unconcern until some one stood it upon its head and caused the sand to run backagain. Another method used to measure time consisted on measuring time while a substance was consumed or burnt. The most famous of these timepieces type was the one formed by a graduated candle, however rope with knots and oil lamps with graduated depot were also commonly used. Mechanical timepieces with clock hands which slowly were moved by the action of gears firstly appeared s
ome centurias ago. There is still available in Paris a clock created in 1364 to Charles V. In these primitive timepieces the movement was originated by means of a hanging weight which boosted a gear wheel whose teeth were placed perpendicular to its diameter. Two laminations called “pumps”, placed on a horizontal axis which oscillated, engaged the previously mentioned gear wheel teeth and regulated its movement. This was the first system used for timepieces as well as the weight was the first driving system. We also need to talk about the third essential system of a timepiece which is the oscillator in charge of the escape movements. In the primitive timepiece we are dealing with, this funtion was carried out by a jemmy fixed to the end of the escape axis (the one with the two laminations) which oscillated by the impulse produced by the teeth of the gear wheel. The oscillation duration was regulated by means of a slide weight fixed to the jemmy. These timepieces were sometimes innacurate due to their original mechanisms: escape and oscillation.
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